Mormonism and Logical Choices                                                                 by Jack Kettler

In logic, the law of contradiction, is stated that "one cannot say of something that it is and that it is not in the same respect and at the same time."

The following is an exercise in elementary logic using the law of contradiction to analyze select teachings of Mormonism that appear to be in opposition. I'm not trying to get the Mormon to answer what they think the official doctrine of their church is during this exercise in Section One. It is admitted that a Mormon leader may engage in speculation and as such should given liberty to have their speculative statements accepted as such.

However, the assertions that are contrasted, both of which claim to explain something about ultimate reality, cannot both be true if they are mutually contradictory. Truth may be in one or the other, or neither, but they cannot both be true if they contradict each other.

When considering the following citations from Section One, which person or source is correct? Is there a fundamental contradiction in the statements contrasted in each column? A Christian will obviously have a third choice, namely, that neither citation is correct. Only one choice can be correct in Section Two.

Section One: Mormonism Against Itself

"Adam was made from the dust of an earth, but not from the dust of this earth." Brigham Young, Journal of Discourses, Vol. 3, p. 319.

"The Book of Mormon, the Bible, the Doctrine and Covenants, and the Pearl of Great Price all declare that Adam's body was created from the dust of this ground, that is, from the dust of this ground, this earth." Joseph Fielding Smith, Doctrines of Salvation, Vol. 1 p. 90.

"For I know that God is not a partial God, neither a changeable being; but he is unchangeable from all eternity to eternity." Moroni 8:18

"We have imagined and supposed that God was God from all eternity. I will refute that idea, and take away the veil, so that you may see." Joseph Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, complied by Joseph Fielding Smith, p. 345.

"And Zeezrom said unto him: Thou sayest there is a true and living God? And Amulet said: Yea, there is a true and living God. Now Zeesrom said: Is there more than one God? And he answered, No." Alama 11:26-29

"How many Gods there are, I do not know. But there was never was a time when there were no Gods." Brigham Young, Journal of Discourses, Vol. 7, p. 333.

"Behold, David and Solomon truly had many wives and concubines, which thing was a abomination before me, saith the Lord." Jacob 2:24

"...I, the Lord, justified my servants Abraham, Issac, and Jacob, as also Moses, David and Solomon, my servants as touching the principle and doctrine of their having many wives and concubines." Doctrine and Covenants, Section 132:1

"God himself is increasing and progressing in knowledge, power and dominion, and will do so worlds without end." Wilford Woodruff, Journal of Discourses, Vol. 6, p. 120.

"It seems very strange to me that members of the Church will hold to the doctrine, "God increases in knowledge as time goes on." "I think this kind of doctrine is very dangerous." Joseph Fielding Smith, Doctrines of Salvation, Vol. 1 pp. 7,8.

"And I did teach my people to build buildings, and to work in all manner of wood, and of iron, and of copper, and of brass, and of steel, and of gold, and of silver, and of precious ores, which were in great abundance." 2 Nephi 5:15 Book of Mormon.

"And I, Nephi, did build a temple; and I did construct it after the manner of the temple of Solomon save it were not built of so many precious things; for they were not to be found upon the land, wherefore, it could not be built like unto Solomon’s temple." 2 Nephi 5:16, Ibid., p. 66.

"Christ Not Begotten of Holy Ghost."

"Christ was born of God. He was not born without the aid of man and that man was God." Joseph Fielding Smith, Doctrines of Salvation, Vol. 1 p. 18.

"They tell us the Book of Mormon states that Jesus was begotten of the Holy Ghost. I challenge that statement. The Book of Mormon teaches no such thing! Neither does the Bible." Joseph Fielding Smith, Doctrines of Salvation, Vol. 1 p. 19.

God is a Spirit

And now when Aaron heard this, his heart began to rejoice, and he said: Behold, assuredly as thou livest, O king, there is a God.

And the king said: Is God that Great Spirit that brought our fathers out of the land of Jerusalem?

And Aaron said unto him: Yea, he is that Great Spirit, and he created all things both in heaven and in earth. Believest thou this?

And he said: Yea, I believe that the Great Spirit created all things, and I desire that ye should tell me concerning all these things, and I will believe thy words. Alma 22:8-11

God Has a Body

The Father has a body of flesh and bones as tangible as man's; the Son also; but the Holy Ghost has not a body of flesh and bones, but is a personage of Spirit. Were it not so, the Holy Ghost could not dwell in us.

Doctrine and Covenants Section 130:22

God Dwells in man's Heart

And this I know, because the Lord hath said he dwelleth not in unholy temples, but in the hearts of the righteous doth he dwell; yea, and he has also said that the righteous shall sit down in his kingdom, to go no more out; but their garments should be made white through the blood of the Lamb. Alma 34:36

God Does Not Dwell in man's Heart

 

John 14:23—The appearing of the Father and the Son, in that verse, is a personal appearance; and the idea that the Father and the Son dwell in a man's heart is an old sectarian notion, and is false. Doctrine and Covenants Section 130:3

 

Creation of the World by One God

And now, my sons, I speak unto you these things for your profit and learning; for there is a God, and he hath created all things, both the heavens and the earth, and all things that in them are, both things to act and things to be acted upon. 2 Nephi 2:14

For behold, by the power of his word man came upon the face of the earth, which earth was created by the power of his word. Wherefore, if God being able to speak and the world was, and to speak and man was created, O then, why not able to command the earth, or the workmanship of hishands upon the face of it, according to his will and pleasure? Jacob 4:9

Creation of the world by Many Gods

Pearl of Great Price

AND then the Lord said: Let us go down. And they went down at the beginning, and they, that is the Gods, organized and formed the heavens and the earth.

And the earth, after it was formed, was empty and desolate, because they had not formed anything but the earth; and darkness reigned upon the face of the deep, and the Spirit of the Gods was brooding upon the face of the waters.

And they (the Gods) said: Let there be light; and there was light. Book of Abraham Chapter 4:1-3

Murder Can Be Forgiven

Turn, all ye Gentiles, from your wicked ways; and repent of your evil doings, of your lyings and deceivings, and of your whoredoms, and of your secret abominations, and your idolatries, and of your murders, and your priestcrafts, and your envyings, and your strifes, and from all your wickedness and abominations, and come unto me, and be baptized in my name, that ye may receive a remission of your sins, and be filled with the Holy Ghost, that ye may be numbered with my people who are of the house of Israel. 3 Nephi 30:2

Murder Cannot be Forgiven

 

And now, behold, I speak unto the church. Thou shalt not kill; and he that kills shall not have forgiveness in this world, nor in the world to come. Doctrine and Covenants Section 42:18

God's Word Unchangeable

Now, the decrees of God are unalterable; therefore, the way is prepared that whosoever will may walk therein and be saved. Alma 41:8

God's Word is Subject to Change

Wherefore I, the Lord, command and revoke, as it seemeth me good; and all this to be answered upon the heads of the rebellious, saith the Lord.

Doctrine and Covenants Section 56:4

 

Section Two: Mormonism Against the Bible
Which is correct the Bible or Mormon doctrine?

There is only one God:

"Ye are my witnesses, saith the LORD, and my servant whom I have chosen: that ye may know and believe me, and understand that I am he: before me there was no God formed, neither shall there be after me" (Isaiah 43:10). "...I am the first, and I am the last; and beside me there is no God" (Isaiah 44:6). I am the LORD , and there is none else, there is no God beside me: I girded thee, though thou hast not known me: That they may know from the rising of the sun, and from the west, that there is none beside me, I am the LORD, and there is none else" (Isaiah 45:5,6).

"And they (the Gods) said: Let there be light: and there was light" (Book of Abraham 4:3).

" I will preach on the plurality of Gods. [sic] I have selected this text for that express purpose. I wish to declare I have always and in all congregations when I have preached on the subject of Deity, it has been the plurality of Gods. It has been preached by the Elders for fifteen years" (Joseph Smith, History of the Church, Vol. Six, p. 474).

God has always been God:

" Before the mountains were brought forth, or ever thou hadst formed the earth and the world, even from everlasting to everlasting, thou art God."(Psalm 90:2).

"God himself was once as we are now, and is an exalted man, and sits enthroned in yonder heavens! . . . We have imagined that God was God from all eternity. I will refute that idea and take away the veil, so that you may see," (Joseph Smith, Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, p. 345).

God is a spirit without flesh and bones:

"God is a Spirit: and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth" (John 4:24); "Behold my hands and my feet, that it is I myself: handle me, and see; for a spirit hath not flesh and bones, as ye see me have" (Luke 24:39).

"The Father has a body of flesh and bones as tangible as man's," (Doctrine and Covenants 130:22; "Therefore we know that both the Father and the Son are in form and stature perfect men; each of them possesses a tangible body . . . of flesh and bones," (Articles of Faith, by Mormons apostle, James Talmage, p. 38).

The Trinity is the doctrine that there is only one God and that He exists eternally in three persons. The Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit are the one and God and they share the same nature and essence. The triune nature of God can be simply stated as:

1. There is only one God

2. There are three equally divine, distinct and eternal Persons called God

3. Therefore, these three equally divine and eternal Persons are the one God

The following Scriptures, demonstrate that there is a plurality of persons in the Godhead, in other words, you see more than one divine person in each passage listed: Genesis 1:26, 3:22, 11:7; Isaiah 6:8; 48:16; 61:1-2; Jeremiah 23:5-6; Zechariah 10:12; Matthew 28:19; Luke 4:18-19; John 1:1-3; John 14:23; 2 Corinthians 13:14; Colossians 2:2; Hebrews 1:8-10; Hebrews 3:7-11; 1 Peter 1:2; and 1 John 2:24.

The trinity is three separate Gods: The Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. "That these three are separate individuals, physically distinct from each other, is demonstrated by the accepted records of divine dealings with man," (Articles of Faith, by Mormon apostle, James Talmage, p. 35).

Jesus was born of the virgin Mary: "Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel" (Isaiah 7:14); "Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us" (Matthew 1:23).

"The birth of the Saviour was as natural as are the births of our children; it was the result of natural action. He partook of flesh and blood - was begotten of his Father, as we were of our fathers," (Brigham Young, Journal of Discourses, Vol. 8, p. 115). "Christ was begotten by an Immortal Father in the same way that mortal men are begotten by mortal fathers" (Mormon Doctrine, by Mormon apostle, Bruce McConkie, p. 547).

Jesus is the eternal Son. He is second person of the Trinity. He has a human and divine nature. He is God in flesh and a true man "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth." John 1:1; 14; "Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature: For by him [Jesus] were all things created, that are in heaven, and that are in earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers: all things were created by him, and for him.

And he is before all things, and by him all things consist." Colossians 1:15-17; "For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily" Colossians 2:9. How can Jesus be the spirit-brother of His own creation as Hunter asserts? And furthermore, it is blasphemous to teach that Jesus was a polygamist!

Jesus is the literal spirit-brother of Lucifer, a creation (Gospel Through the Ages, by Mormon apostle, Milton R. Hunter p. 15).

"It will be seen that the great Messiah who was the founder of the Christian religion, was a polygamist" (Orson Pratt, The Seer, p. 172).

"Jesus Christ was married at Cana, that Mary, Martha and others were his wives, and that he begat children" (Orson Hyde, Journal of Discourses, Vol. 2, p. 210).

The Holy Spirit is the third person of the Trinity.

He is not a force, He is a person:

"But Peter said, Ananias, why hath Satan filled thine heart to lie to the Holy Ghost, and to keep back part of the price of the land? Whiles it remained, was it not thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thine own power? why hast thou conceived this thing in thine heart? thou hast not lied unto men, but unto God." Acts 5:3-4; "As they ministered to the Lord, and fasted, the Holy Ghost said, Separate me Barnabas and Saul for the work whereunto I have called them" Acts 13:2.

Mormonism distinguishes between the Holy Spirit (God's presence via an essence) and the Holy Ghost (the third god in the Mormon doctrine of the godhead).
"He [the Holy Ghost] is a being endowed with the attributes and powers of Deity, and not a mere force, or essence," (Articles of Faith, by James Talmage, p. 144).

Biblical salvation involves the forgiveness of sin and deliverance from hell. It is a free gift received by God's grace:

"For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that [faith] not of yourselves: it is the gift of God." Ephesians. 2:8; "For the wages of sin is death; but the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord" Romans 6:23. And it cannot be earned. "And if by grace, then is it no more of works: otherwise grace is no more grace. But if it be of works, then it is no more grace: otherwise work is no more work" Romans 11:6.

Salvation has two meanings in Mormonism. There is a universal resurrection involving first a general salvation for everyone and then a individual salvation determined by works.
"The first effect [of the atonement] is to secure to all mankind alike, exemption from the penalty of the fall, thus providing a plan of General Salvation. The second effect is to open a way for Individual Salvation whereby mankind may secure remission of personal sins," (Articles of Faith, by James Talmage, p. 78-79).

Salvation is not by works:

"For by grace are ye saved through faith; and that [faith] not of yourselves: it is the gift of God" Ephesians 2:8; "But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness" Romans 4:5; "I do not frustrate the grace of God: for if righteousness come by [keeping] the law, then Christ is dead in vain" Galatians 2:21.

"As these sins are the result of individual acts it is just that forgiveness for them should be conditioned on individual compliance with prescribed requirements -- 'obedience to the laws and ordinances of the Gospel,'" (Talmage, Articles of Faith, p. 79).

The Bible is the inspired inerrant word of God. "All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness" 2 Timothy 3:16.

"We believe the Bible to be the word of God as far as it is translated correctly. . ." (8th Article of Faith of the Mormon Church).

In addition to the clear violation of the law of contradiction seen in the above comparative quotes in Section One Mormonism Against Itself, the astute reader will not be able to miss another fallacy that is very common within Mormon writings, namely, the fallacy of equivocation.

Stated simply, the fallacy of equivocation occurs when a word switches meaning in the middle of an argument or when it expresses one concept in one premise and another concept in another premise or in the conclusion.

Not only do Mormons equivocate on the usage of words they will also lie when you talk to them about their controversial beliefs which set them far apart from historic Christianity.

See the Youtube video titled: Mormon Missionaries Taught to Lie!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFqPVOkfmmI

Cutting through the fallacies:

There are three questions that I like to use when challenging Mormons beliefs. These questions are good for any debate or witnessing encounter and help us 1. to get past the language barrier or surface meaning of words and 2. show the Mormon that his beliefs are not Biblical and that he can have no assurance or confidence in the finite Mormon deity and 3. also show the Mormon that he can have no confidence in the area of knowledge.

1. What do you mean?

This question forces the Mormon to define their terminology and gets beyond surface similarity.

2. How do you know that?

This forces them to give reasons for their definitions. Are they parroting things that they heard? Are their definitions Biblical?

3. So what are the implications of this?

This question forces them to look at the absurdities of their belief system and where it leads.

See my article The Triune Nature of God and the Deity of Christ



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